UNIT 4. Basic Operations

Unit 4. Basic Operations - vocabulary.

4.1 Basic operations-integers.

                                   Addition

     a + b = c          

a plus b equals c

A summand (the addend,a term) plus a summand (the addend,a term)

equals the sum.

You add one quantity to another.

Multiplication

a x b = c

a times (multiplied by) b equals c

An element (the multiplier,a factor) times (multiplied by) an element (the multiplicand,a factor) 

equals the product.

You multiply one quantity by another.

Subtraction

a - b = c

a minus b equals c

The minuend minus the subtrahend

equals the difference.

You subtract one quantity from another.

Division

a : b = c

a divided by b equals c

The dividend divided by the divisor (the factor) 

equals the quotient.

You divide one quantity by another.


4.2 Basic operations-fractions.

Multiplication

To multiply two fractions,

you  multiply the numerators together

and then

multiply the denominators together.

Division

To divide two fractions,

you take the reciprocal of the second fraction

and then

multiply them.

Addition

If the fractions being added have the same denominator, you add the numerators.

If the fractions being added don’t have

the same denominator, you find their LCD,

and then add the numerators.

Subtraction

If the fractions being subtracted have the same denominator, you subtract the numerators.

If the fractions being subtracted don’t have

 the same denominator, you find their LCD,

and then subtract the numerators.


Unit 4.   Basic Operations - reading.

Basic operations.

 Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner (complited in 1694) was the first calculator that could perform all four arithmetic operations." It is beneath the dignity of excellent men to waste their time in calculation when any peasant could do the work just as accurately with the aid of a machine" - Gottfried Leibniz.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_ReckonerDefinitions, pictures and articles for reading adapted from:

Unit 4.   Basic Operations - problems.

Problem # 4/1   Find the LCD for: 2/7  and 1/3.

Problem # 4/2

1) One fifth plus six fifths equals ……….

2) Zero point forty-seven plus one point twenty-two is ……….

3) Ten sixteenths minus three sixteenths equals..........

4) Three halves times one fifth is ……….

5) two thirds divided by three fourths equals ……….